Japanese Encephalitis - updated Aug 2014

An outbreak of Japanese encephalitis has been ongoing in the Northern parts of Vietnam since early June. Over 28 children have been admitted to hospitals in Hanoi so far. Recently, we were informed that several children were admitted to the pediatric hospitals in HCMC with Encephalitis, 4 of them were confirmed to be Japanese Encephalitis cases.

What is Japanese Encephalitis (JE)? Japanese Encephalitis (JE), is a viral disease passed through the bite of an infected mosquito which can cause severe brain infection (Encephalitis) . The natural reservoir of the virus are domestic pigs and wild birds and the virus can pass to humans by mosquito bites. The virus cannot pass directly from human to human. Most cases are therefore in the rural areas, but urban cases have occurred. Who Is Most At Risk? Children younger than 10 years old are at higher risk, with children aged 5 - 9 years old being at most risk. However, most children are vaccinated after the age of 13 months, so be sure to check their immunisation schedule. Booster shots are recommended every 3 years. What are the Symptoms? Symptoms during the early stages may include high fever, severe headache, rigors (shaking),  diarrhea and vomiting. More severe neurological symptoms may develop later on, including reduced level of consciousness, agitation, seizures, paralysis, increased muscle tone, coma and even death. What prevention methods can I take? JE can be easily prevented with immunisations. The vaccination is primarily used for children 13 months and above. The vaccination is made up of 3 shots which are given as part of a schedule and it gives close to 100% protection. The immunity wanes after a few years so be sure to check your children’s vaccination status. Booster shots are recommended every 3 years. Do FMP clinics currently have the vaccine in stock? FMP currently has stocks of the vaccine available in our clinics. Where is our vaccine made? The vaccine currently available in Vietnam is the inactive virus vaccine produced by Green Cross Korea. This vaccine has been in use for over 50 years with a remarkable record of efficacy and safety. What are the side effects? As with every vaccine there may be tenderness at the site of injection for a day. Side effects of the vaccine may include local swelling, redness or pain, allergic reaction and rarely, fever, muscle pain and headache.